Open AccessDescriptive epidemiology of classical swine fever outbreaks in the period 2013-2018 in Colombia
Author(s) -
Pilar Pineda,
Adriana Deluque,
Mario Peña,
Olga Lucia Diaz,
Alberto Allepuz,
Jordi Casal
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0234490
Subject(s) - outbreak , epidemiology , poisson regression , classical swine fever , veterinary medicine , herd , transmission (telecommunications) , cluster (spacecraft) , relative risk , attack rate , demography , virology , geography , virus , biology , medicine , environmental health , confidence interval , population , sociology , computer science , electrical engineering , programming language , engineering
Classical swine fever (CSF) is an infectious viral disease caused by an RNA virus belonging to the Pestivirus genus. A total of 134 outbreaks of CSF have occurred in the last seven years in the North of Colombia. The objective of this study was the characterization of the herds affected by CSF from 2013 to 2018. Most of the outbreaks (95%) occured in backyard piggeries. The principal causes of transmission of CSF were the introduction of infected pigs (38%), movements of people (37%) and unknown origin (13%). The epidemiological relationships with 15 affected farms explained 31 outbreaks. The overall attack and mortality rates were 39% and 32%, respectively. The main clinical signs were high fever (67%), incoordination of movements (54%), and prostration (52%). Seventy-three percent of the herds had not been vaccinated against CSF and 17% had been only partially vaccinated. A spatio-temporal analysis, using a Poisson regression model, revealed two clusters with high risk; the first and largest one from 2014 to 2016 had a relative risk (RR) of 13.4 and included part of the departments of Atlántico, Bolívar, Cesar, La Guajira, Norte de Santander, Magdalena and Sucre; and the second cluster (RR = 9.6 in 2016) included municipalities in the north of the department of Cordoba.