Open AccessAxial length and its associations in a Russian population: The Ural Eye and Medical Study
Author(s) -
М.М. Бикбов,
Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva,
Timur R. Gilmanshin,
Р.М. Зайнуллин,
Inga I. Arslangareeva,
Venera F. Salavatova,
Guzel Bikbova,
Songhomitra PandaJonas,
Nikolai A. Nikitin,
Artur F. Zaynetdinov,
Ildar F. Nuriev,
Renat I. Khikmatullin,
Yulia V. Uzianbaeva,
Dilya F. Yakupova,
Said K. Aminev,
Jost B. Jonas
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0211186
Subject(s) - quartile , confidence interval , medicine , ophthalmology , population , coefficient of variation , intraocular pressure , refractive error , eye disease , mathematics , statistics , environmental health
Purpose To assess the normal distribution of axial length and its associations in a population of Russia. Methods The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5,899 (80.5%) individuals out of 7328 eligible individuals aged 40+ years. The participants underwent an ocular and systemic examination. Axial length was measured sonographically (Ultra-compact A/B/P ultrasound system, Quantel Medical, Cournon d'Auvergne, France). Results Biometric data were available for 5707 (96.7%) individuals with a mean age of 58.8±10.6 years (range:40–94 years; 25%, 50%, 75% quartile: 51.0, 58.0, 66.0 years, respectively). Mean axial length was 23.30±1.10 mm (range: 19.02–32.87mm; 95% confidence interval (CI): 21.36–25.89; 25%, 50%, 75% quartile: 22.65mm, 23.23mm, 23.88mm, resp.). Prevalences of moderate myopia (axial length:24.5-<26.5mm) and high myopia (axial length >26.5mm) were 555/5707 (8.7%;95%CI:9.0,10.5) and 78/5707 (1.4%;95%CI:1.1,1.7), respectively. Longer axial length (mean:23.30±1.10mm) was associated (correlation coefficient r 2 :0.70) with older age ( P <0.001;standardized regression coefficient beta:0.14), taller body height ( P <0.001;beta:0.07), higher level of education ( P <0.001;beta:0.04), higher intraocular pressure ( P <0.001;beta:0.03), more myopic spherical refractive error ( P <0.001;beta:-0.55), lower corneal refractive power ( P <0.001;beta:-0.44), deeper anterior chamber depth ( P <0.001;beta:0.20), wider anterior chamber angle ( P <0.001;beta:0.05), thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness ( P <0.001;beta:-0.04), higher degree of macular fundus tessellation ( P <0.001;beta:0.08), lower prevalence of epiretinal membranes ( P = 0.01;beta-0.02) and pseudoexfoliation ( P = 0.007;beta:-0.02) and higher prevalence of myopic maculopathy ( P <0.001;beta:0.08). In that model, prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (any type: P = 0.84; early type: P = 0.46), diabetic retinopathy ( P = 0.16), and region of habitation ( P = 0.27) were not significantly associated with axial length. Conclusions Mean axial length in this typically multi-ethnic Russian study population was comparable with values from populations in Singapore and Beijing. In contrast to previous studies, axial length was not significantly related with the prevalences of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy or region of habitation.