Open AccessKojic acid-mediated damage responses induce mycelial regeneration in the basidiomycete Hypsizygus marmoreus
Author(s) -
Jinjing Zhang,
Hui Chen,
Mingjie Chen,
Hong Wang,
Qian Wang,
Xiaoxia Song,
Haibo Hao,
Zhen Feng
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0187351
Subject(s) - reactive oxygen species , catalase , oxidative stress , superoxide dismutase , antioxidant , microbiology and biotechnology , ascorbic acid , regeneration (biology) , mycelium , chemistry , glutathione , kojic acid , biochemistry , biology , botany , enzyme , tyrosinase , food science
Mechanical damage can induce fruiting body production in fungi. In this study, the antioxidant kojic acid (KA) was found to enhance injured mycelial regeneration and increase fruiting body production in Hypsizygus marmoreus . KA reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful to mycelia when excessively generated by mechanical damage. Moreover, KA increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione and ascorbic acid contents by up-regulating antioxidant gene expression. These results suggest that KA promotes mycelial regeneration in response to damage by activating a “stress signal” and enhances the ability of H . marmoreus to resist oxidative damage by invoking the antioxidant system. In addition, KA increased the content of extracellular ATP, which serves as a “stress signal” in response to injury, and modulated ROS signaling, decreasing NADPH oxidase gene expression and ROS levels in the mycelial-regeneration stage. KA treatment also up-regulated the MAPK, Ca 2+ and oxylipin pathways, suggesting their involvement in the damage response. Furthermore, laccase and cellulase activities were stimulated by KA at different developmental stages. These results demonstrate that KA regulates gene expression and activates pathways for mycelial wound healing, regeneration of damaged mycelia and reproductive structure formation in the basidiomycete H . marmoreus .