Open AccessSmall airway dysfunction in smokers with stable ischemic heart disease
Author(s) -
Claudia Llontop,
Cristina García-Quero,
Almudena Castro,
Regina Dalmau,
Raquel Casitas,
Raúl Galera,
Alberto A. Iglesias,
Elisabet MartínezCerón,
Joan B. Soriano,
Francisco GarcíaRío
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0182858
Subject(s) - medicine , spirometry , disease , airway , cardiology , airway obstruction , physical therapy , asthma , surgery
Background A higher prevalence of airflow limitation (AL) has been described in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Although small airway dysfunction (SAD) is an early feature of AL, there is little information about its occurrence in IHD patients. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of SAD in IHD patients, while comparing patient-related outcomes and future health risk among IHD patients with AL, SAD and normal lung function. Methods In 118 consecutive smoking patients with stable IHD, comorbidities, utilization of healthcare resources, current treatment, blood biochemistry and health status were recorded. SAD was evaluated by impulse oscillometry, and pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry was performed. Results The prevalence of AL and SAD were 20.3 (95% CI, 13.1–27.6%) and 26.3% (95% CI, 18.3–34.2%), respectively. Compared to the normal lung function group, patients with SAD and without AL had lower spirometric values, poorer quality of life and higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as increased cardiovascular risk and more vascular age. In patients with normal spirometry, the presence of SAD was independently associated with pack-years, HDL-cholesterol and CRP levels. Conclusion In patients with IHD, the presence of SAD is common and that it is associated with reduced health status and increased future cardiac risk.