Open AccessThe effect of mangiferin on skin: Penetration, permeation and inhibition of ECM enzymes
Author(s) -
Renata Ochocka,
Anna Hering,
Justyna Stefanowicz–Hajduk,
Krzysztof Cal,
Helena Barańska
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0181542
Subject(s) - mangiferin , mangifera , chemistry , permeation , elastase , penetration (warfare) , collagenase , dermis , stratum corneum , xanthone , biochemistry , enzyme , chromatography , biology , botany , membrane , medicine , stereochemistry , anatomy , pathology , operations research , engineering
Mangiferin (2-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) is a polyphenol with strong antioxidant properties. Mangiferin is obtained from the mango tree ( Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae ). It has been proven that mangiferin exhibits many pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the penetration of mangiferin into the human skin and through the skin. According to our knowledge, skin penetration and permeation studies of mangiferin have not been analyzed so far. Additionally, the influence of mangiferin on two Extracellular Matrix Enzymes (ECM): collagenase and elastase, was evaluated for the first time. It has been indicated that mangiferin is able to permeate the stratum corneum and penetrate into the epidermis and dermis in comparable amounts. For confirmation of the obtained results, fluorescence microscopy was successfully utilized. The analysis revealed the capability of mangiferin to reversibly inhibit elastase and collagenase activity. The mechanism of mangiferin interaction with both enzymes was estimated as a noncompetitive inhibition.