
α-amanitin resistance in Drosophila melanogaster: A genome-wide association approach
Author(s) -
Chelsea L. Mitchell,
Catrina E. Latuszek,
Kara R. Vogel,
Ian M. Greenlund,
Rebecca E. Hobmeier,
Olivia K. Ingram,
Shan R. Dufek,
Jared L. Pecore,
Felicia R. Nip,
Zachary Johnson,
Xiaohui Ji,
Hairong Wei,
Oliver Gailing,
Thomas Werner
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0173162
Subject(s) - drosophila melanogaster , biology , genome wide association study , genetics , resistance (ecology) , drosophila (subgenus) , genome , evolutionary biology , computational biology , gene , single nucleotide polymorphism , genotype , ecology
We investigated the mechanisms of mushroom toxin resistance in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) fly lines, using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). While Drosophila melanogaster avoids mushrooms in nature, some lines are surprisingly resistant to α-amanitin—a toxin found solely in mushrooms. This resistance may represent a pre-adaptation, which might enable this species to invade the mushroom niche in the future. Although our previous microarray study had strongly suggested that pesticide-metabolizing detoxification genes confer α-amanitin resistance in a Taiwanese D . melanogaster line Ama-KTT, none of the traditional detoxification genes were among the top candidate genes resulting from the GWAS in the current study. Instead, we identified Megalin , Tequila , and widerborst as candidate genes underlying the α-amanitin resistance phenotype in the North American DGRP lines, all three of which are connected to the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway. Both widerborst and Tequila are upstream regulators of TOR, and TOR is a key regulator of autophagy and Megalin -mediated endocytosis. We suggest that endocytosis and autophagy of α-amanitin, followed by lysosomal degradation of the toxin, is one of the mechanisms that confer α-amanitin resistance in the DGRP lines.