Open AccessEffects of Pyrogallol on Growth and Cytotoxicity of Wild-Type and katG Mutant Strains of Vibrio vulnificus
Author(s) -
Jae Yong Lim,
Choon-Mee Kim,
Joon Haeng Rhee,
Young Ran Kim
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0167699
Subject(s) - vibrio vulnificus , pyrogallol , mutant , microbiology and biotechnology , wild type , cytotoxicity , vibrio , chemistry , biology , bacteria , biochemistry , in vitro , genetics , gene
Vibrio vulnificus is a causative agent of fatal septicemia and necrotic wound infection and the pathogen infection became an important public health problem in many counties. Vibrio vulnificus causes RtxA1 toxin-induced acute cell death. We tried to identify natural products that inhibit the acute cytotoxicity of V . vulnificus using a lactate hydrogenase assay. A polyphenol pyrogallol protected HeLa cells from V . vulnificus -induced cytotoxicity. Pyrogallol also decreased the growth of V . vulnificus ; this inhibitory effect was more significant during log phase than stationary phase. To further elucidate the inhibitory mechanism, pyrogallol-induced toxicity was compared between a V . vulnificus catalase-peroxidase mutant ( katG − ) and the isogenic wild-type MO6-24/O strains. No growth was observed for the katG − mutant in the presence of pyrogallol (50 μg/mL) even after 24 h, whereas the wild-type strain demonstrated growth recovery following a prolonged lag phase. Pyrogallol-mediated growth inhibition of the katG − mutant strain was partially rescued by exogenous catalase treatment. These results indicate that the mechanism by which pyrogallol inhibits the growth and cytotoxicity of V . vulnificus likely involves polyphenol-induced prooxidant damage. Taken together, these results suggest that pyrogallol has potential for development as a new paradigm drug to treat infectious diseases.