Open AccessDeep Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Mycoviral Diversity of the Virome of an Avirulent Isolate of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IV
Author(s) -
Anika Bartholomäus,
Daniel Wibberg,
Anderson M. Winkler,
Alfred Pühler,
Andreas Schlüter,
Mark Varrelmann
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0165965
Subject(s) - mycovirus , rhizoctonia solani , biology , human virome , rhizoctonia , virology , cryphonectria , microbiology and biotechnology , plant virus , virus , virulence , botany , rna , genetics , rna polymerase , gene , metagenomics
Rhizoctonia solani represents an important plant pathogenic Basidiomycota species complex and the host of many different mycoviruses, as indicated by frequent detection of dsRNA elements in natural populations of the fungus. To date, eight different mycoviruses have been characterized in Rhizoctonia and some of them have been reported to modulate its virulence. DsRNA extracts of the avirulent R . solani isolate DC17 (AG2-2-IV) displayed a diverse pattern, indicating multiple infections with mycoviruses. Deep sequencing analysis of the dsRNA extract, converted to cDNA, revealed that this isolate harbors at least 17 different mycovirus species. Based on the alignment of the conserved RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) domain, this viral community included putative members of the families Narnaviridae , Endornaviridae , Partitiviridae and Megabirnaviridae as well as of the order Tymovirales . Furthermore, viruses, which could not be assigned to any existing family or order, but showed similarities to so far unassigned species like Sclerotinia sclerotiorum RNA virus L , Rhizoctonia solani dsRNA virus 1 , Aspergillus foetidus slow virus 2 or Rhizoctonia fumigata virus 1 , were identified. This is the first report of a fungal isolate infected by 17 different viral species and a valuable study case to explore the diversity of mycoviruses infecting R . solani .