Open AccessDifferent Antibody Response against the Coxsackievirus A16 VP1 Capsid Protein: Specific or Non-Specific
Author(s) -
Yingying Ding,
Zhihong Wang,
Xi Zhang,
Zheng Teng,
Caixia Gao,
Qian Bian,
Lili Wang,
Jiaojiao Feng,
Jinhong Wang,
Chunyan Zhao,
Cunjiu Guo,
Wei Pan
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0162820
Subject(s) - antibody , antigen , antibody response , titer , immune system , neutralizing antibody , immunology , humoral immunity , virology , coxsackievirus , antibody titer , biology , virus , enterovirus
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease worldwide. The non-neutralizing antibody response that targets CA16 VP1 remains poorly elucidated. In the present study, antibody responses against CA16 VP1 in Shanghai blood donors and Shanxi individuals were analyzed by ELISA and inhibitory ELISA using five CA16 VP1 antigens: VP1 1-297 , VP1 41-297 , VP1 1-60 , VP1 45-58 and VP1 61-297 . The correlation coefficients for most of the reactions against each of the five antigens and the inhibition of the anti-CA16 VP1 antibody response produced by the various antigens were higher in Shanghai blood donors compared to those in Shanxi individuals. VP1 1-297 and VP1 41-297 strongly inhibited the anti-CA16 VP1 response in serum samples from both populations, while VP1 45-58 and VP1 61-297 intermediately and weakly inhibited the anti-CA16 VP1 response, respectively, in only Shanghai group. A specific type of inhibition (anti-CA16 VP1 was completely inhibited by both VP1 1-60 and VP1 41-297 ) characterized by high neutralizing antibody titers was identified and accounted for 71.4% of the strongly reactive samples from the Shanghai group. These results indicate that the Shanghai blood donors exhibited a consistent and specific antibody response, while the Shanxi individuals showed an inconsistent and non-specific antibody response. These findings may improve the understanding of host humoral immunity against CA16 and help to identify an effective approach for seroepidemiological surveillance and specific diagnosis of CA16 infection based on normal and competitive ELISA.