Open AccessMastitis Modifies the Biogenic Amines Profile in Human Milk, with Significant Changes in the Presence of Histamine, Putrescine and Spermine
Author(s) -
Marta Pérez,
Víctor Ladero,
Begoña Redruello,
Beatriz del Río,
Leónides Fernández,
Juan Miguel Díaz Rodríguez,
M. Cruz Martín,
María Fernández,
Miguel A. Álvarez
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0162426
Subject(s) - putrescine , spermine , cadaverine , spermidine , histamine , breast milk , tyramine , chemistry , food science , mastitis , biochemistry , biology , endocrinology , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme
Biogenic amines (BAs) are low molecular weight nitrogenous organic compounds with different biological activities. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential for the development of the gut and immune system of newborns, and are all found in human milk. Little is known, however, about the role of histamine, tyramine or cadaverine in breast milk. Nor is it known whether mastitis alters the BA composition of milk. The BA profile of human milk, and the influence of mastitis on BA concentrations, were therefore investigated. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine were the main BAs detected. In mastitis-affected milk, the concentrations of putrescine, spermine and histamine were higher.