Open AccessThe Effects of Paleoclimatic Events on Mediterranean Trout: Preliminary Evidences from Ancient DNA
Author(s) -
Andrea Splendiani,
Tatiana Fioravanti,
Massimo Giovannotti,
Alessandra Negri,
Paolo Ruggeri,
Luigi Olivieri,
Paola Nisi Cerioni,
Massimo Lorenzoni,
Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0157975
Subject(s) - salmo , haplotype , mitochondrial dna , trout , ancient dna , lineage (genetic) , peninsula , mediterranean climate , mtdna control region , phylogeography , biology , salmonidae , zoology , geography , ecology , fishery , phylogenetic tree , fish <actinopterygii> , population , genetics , genotype , demography , sociology , gene
In this pilot study for the first time, ancient DNA has been extracted from bone remains of Salmo trutta . These samples were from a stratigraphic succession located in a coastal cave of Calabria (southern Italy) inhabited by humans from upper Palaeolithic to historical times. Seven pairs of primers were used to PCR-amplify and sequence from 128 to 410 bp of the mtDNA control region of eleven samples. Three haplotypes were observed: two (ADcs-1 and MEcs-1) already described in rivers from the Italian peninsula; one (ATcs-33) belonging to the southern Atlantic clade of the AT Salmo trutta mtDNA lineage ( sensu Bernatchez). The prehistoric occurrence of this latter haplotype in the water courses of the Italian peninsula has been detected for the first time in this study. Finally, we observed a correspondence between frequency of trout remains and variation in haplotype diversity that we related with ecological and demographic changes resulting from a period of rapid cooling known as the Younger Dryas.