Open AccessOlfactory Ensheathing Cells Express α7 Integrin to Mediate Their Migration on Laminin
Author(s) -
Norianne T. Ingram,
Rana R. Khankan,
Patricia E. Phelps
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0153394
Subject(s) - olfactory ensheathing glia , microbiology and biotechnology , olfactory bulb , neurite , integrin , biology , laminin , olfactory system , olfactory nerve , olfactory mucosa , regeneration (biology) , neuroscience , receptor , extracellular matrix , central nervous system , in vitro , biochemistry
The unique glia located in the olfactory system, called olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), are implicated as an attractive choice for transplantation therapy following spinal cord injury because of their pro-regenerative characteristics. Adult OECs are thought to improve functional recovery and regeneration after injury by secreting neurotrophic factors and making cell-to-cell contacts with regenerating processes, but the mechanisms are not well understood. We show first that α7 integrin, a laminin receptor, is highly expressed at the protein level by OECs throughout the olfactory system, i.e., in the olfactory mucosa, olfactory nerve, and olfactory nerve layer of the olfactory bulb. Then we asked if OECs use the α7 integrin receptor directly to promote neurite outgrowth on permissive and neutral substrates, in vitro . We co-cultured α7 +/+ and α7 lacZ/lacZ postnatal cerebral cortical neurons with α7 +/+ or α7 lacZ/lacZ OECs and found that genotype did not effect the ability of OECs to enhance neurite outgrowth by direct contact. Loss of α7 integrin did however significantly decrease the motility of adult OECs in transwell experiments. Twice as many α7 +/+ OECs migrated through laminin-coated transwells compared to α7 +/+ OECs on poly-L-lysine (PLL). This is in contrast to α7 lacZ/lacZ OECs, which showed no migratory preference for laminin substrate over PLL. These results demonstrate that OECs express α7 integrin, and that laminin and its α7 integrin receptor contribute to adult OEC migration in vitro and perhaps also in vivo .