Open Access“Immunonutrition” Has Failed to Improve Peritonitis-Induced Septic Shock in Rodents
Author(s) -
Julie Boisramé-Helms,
Grégory Meyer,
S.-E. Degirmenci,
Mélanie Burban,
Valérie B. SchiniKerth,
Luc Cynober,
JeanPascal De Bandt,
Michel Hasselmann,
Ferhat Meziani
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0147644
Subject(s) - medicine , septic shock , sepsis , peritonitis , vascular resistance , oxidative stress , mean arterial pressure , shock (circulatory) , polyunsaturated fatty acid , resuscitation , enteral administration , anesthesia , nitric oxide , norepinephrine , hemodynamics , endocrinology , blood pressure , parenteral nutrition , fatty acid , chemistry , heart rate , biochemistry , dopamine
Background Immunonutrition in sepsis, including n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or L-arginine supplementation, is a controversial issue that has yielded a great number of studies for the last thirty-five years, and the conclusions regarding the quantity and quality of this support in patients are deceiving. The aim of the present experimental study is to investigate the effects of a pretreatment with enteral nutrition enriched with n-3 PUFAs or L-arginine on vascular dysfunctions, inflammation and oxidative stress during septic shock in rats. Design Rats were fed with enteral Peptamen ® HN (HN group), Peptamen ® AF containing n-3 PUFAs (AF group) or Peptamen ® AF enriched with L-arginine (AFA group). On day 4, peritonitis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed. Rats were resuscitated (H18) once septic shock was established. After a 4-hour resuscitation, vessels and organs were harvested to assess inflammation, superoxide anion, nitric oxide and prostacyclin levels. Ex-vivo vascular reactivity was also performed. Results Compared to CLP-AF or CLP-HN groups, 47.6% of CLP-AFA rats died before the beginning of hemodynamic measurements ( vs . 8.0% and 20.0% respectively, p<0.05). AF and AFA rats required significantly increased norepinephrine infusion rates to reach the mean arterial pressure objective, compared to CLP-HN rats. Both CLP-AF and CLP-AFA reduced mesenteric resistance arterial contractility, decreased vascular oxidative stress, but increased NF-κB (0.40±0.15 in CLP-AF and 0.69±0.06 in CLP-AFA vs . 0.09±0.03 in SHAM rats and 0.30±0.06 in CLP-HN, ß-actin ratio, p<0.05) and pIκB expression (0.60±0.03 in CLP-AF and 0.94±0.15 in CLP-AFA vs . 0.04±0.01 in SHAM rats and 0.56±0.07 in CLP-HN, ß-actin ratio, p<0.05), nitric oxide and prostacyclin production in septic rats. Conclusions Although n-3 PUFAs or L-arginine supplementation exhibited an antioxidant effect, it worsened the septic shock-induced vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, mortality was higher after L-arginine supplementation.