Open AccessRetinoic Acid Can Exacerbate T Cell Intrinsic TLR2 Activation to Promote Tolerance
Author(s) -
Vivien Nguyen,
Pearson Kandyce,
Jeehyun Kim,
Karishma Kamdar,
R. William DePaolo
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0118875
Subject(s) - tlr2 , retinoic acid , immunology , inflammation , immune system , innate immune system , interleukin 23 , immune tolerance , acquired immune system , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , interleukin 17 , biochemistry , gene
The contribution of vitamin A to immune health has been well established. However, recent evidence indicates that its active metabolite, retinoic acid (RA), has the ability to promote both tolerogenic and inflammatory responses. While the outcome of RA-mediated immunity is dependent upon the immunological status of the tissue, the contribution of specific innate signals influencing this response have yet to be delineated. Here, we found that treatment with RA can dampen inflammation during intestinal injury. Importantly, we report a novel and unexpected requirement for TLR2 in RA-mediated suppression. Our data demonstrate that RA treatment enhances TLR2-dependent IL-10 production from T cells and this, in turn, potentiates T regulatory cell (T REG ) generation without the need for activation of antigen presenting cells. These data also suggest that combinatorial therapy using RA and TLR2 ligands may be advantageous in the design of therapies to treat autoimmune or inflammatory disease.