Open AccessRepressive Effect of Primary Virus Replication on Superinfection Correlated with Gut-Derived Central Memory CD4+ T Cells in SHIV-Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques
Author(s) -
Jing Xue,
Zhe Cong,
Jing Xiong,
Wei Wang,
Hong Jiang,
Ting Chen,
Fang-xin Wu,
Kejian Liu,
Aihua Su,
Bin Ju,
Zhiwei Chen,
Marcelo Couto,
Qiang Wang,
Chuan Qin
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0072295
Subject(s) - superinfection , biology , viremia , virology , viral replication , virus , immunology
A possible mechanism of susceptibility to superinfection with simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-1157ipd3N4 was explored in twelve SHIV SF162P3 -infected Chinese rhesus macaques. Based on the kinetics of viral replication for the second infecting virus following SHIV-1157ipd3N4 inoculation, the monkeys were divided into two groups: those relatively resistant to superinfection (SIR) and those relatively sensitive to superinfection (SIS). We found that superinfection-resistant macaques had high primary viremia, whereas superinfection-sensitive macaques had low primary viremia, suggesting that primary SHIV SF162P3 infection with a high viral-replication level would repress superinfection with a heterologous SHIV-1157ipd3N4. Although no correlation of protection against superinfection with virus-specific CD4 + T cell or CD8 + T cell immune responses from gut was observed prior to superinfection, superinfection susceptibility was strongly correlated with CD4 + Tcm cells from gut both prior to the second infecting virus inoculation and on day 7 after superinfection, but not with CD4 + Tem cells from gut or with CD4 + Tcm cells from peripheral blood and lymph node. These results point to the important roles of gut-derived CD4 + Tcm cells for the study of the mechanisms of protection against superinfection and the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vaccines and therapies against acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).