Open AccessImpaired Blood Dendritic Cell Numbers and Functions after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Author(s) -
Antoine Roquilly,
Cécile Braudeau,
Raphaël Cinotti,
Erwan Dumonte,
Rémi Motreul,
Régis Josien,
Karim Asehnoune
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0071639
Subject(s) - medicine , subarachnoid hemorrhage , cytokine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , ex vivo , intensive care , myeloid , immunology , in vivo , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , intensive care medicine
Previous Presentation Portions of this study were presented at the Annual Congress of Société Française d’Anesthésie et de Réanimation in Paris, September 2012. Background Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are promising therapy for the prevention of nosocomial infections in critical ill patients. We aimed to analyze the TLR-reactivity of circulating dendritic cells (DC) as assessed by cytokine production after an ex vivo challenge with TLR agonists in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. Methods and Findings A single-center prospective observational study took place in one intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Blood samples were harvested on days 2, 5 and 10 in 21 severe SAH patients requiring mechanical ventilation and 17 healthy controls. DC production of cytokines (Tumour Necrosis Factor, TNF-α; Interleukin, IL-12; and Interferon, IFN-α) was assessed by intracellular immunostaining on TLR-3, 4, 7/8 and 9 stimulations. SAH patients had decreased numbers of blood myeloid (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) on days 2, 5 and 10. Compared with the healthy controls, the frequency of mDCs producing TNF-α after TLR-3 stimulation was decreased in the SAH patients. The frequency of myeloid DCs producing IL-12 after TLR-3 and 4 stimulations was also decreased in the SAH patients. In contrast, the mDCs response to TLR-7/8 was not impaired in the SAH patients. The frequency of pDCs producing TNF-α + and IFN-α + on TLR-7/8 stimulation were reduced at all of the tested times in the SAH patients, whereas reactivity to TLR-9 was preserved. On day 2, the pDCs from non-survivor patients (n = 8) had a decreased ability to produce IFN-α on TLR-9 stimulation compared with the survivors. Conclusions These data suggest functional abnormalities of circulating pDCs and mDCs that could be important for immunomodulation after SAH.