Open AccessIncreased Risk of Dementia in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Author(s) -
Yi-Kung Lee,
Sheng-Wen Hou,
ChingChih Lee,
Chung-Ping Hsu,
Yung-Sung Huang,
YungCheng Su
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
plos one
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 332
ISSN - 1932-6203
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pone.0062422
Subject(s) - medicine , dementia , traumatic brain injury , hazard ratio , population , comorbidity , cohort study , cohort , risk factor , stroke (engine) , pediatrics , confidence interval , disease , psychiatry , environmental health , mechanical engineering , engineering
Background It is known that the risk of dementia in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is higher. However, the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and dementia has never been established. Objectives We investigated the incidences of dementia among patients with mTBI in Taiwan to evaluate if there is higher risk compared with general population. Methods We utilized a sampled National Health Insurance (NHI) claims data containing one million beneficiaries. We followed all adult beneficiaries from January 1, 2005 till December 31, 2009 to see if they had been diagnosed with dementia. We further identify patients with mTBI and compared their risk of dementia with the general population. Results We identified 28551 patients with mTBI and 692382 without. After controlled for age, gender, urbanization level, socioeconomic status, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, history of alcohol intoxication, history of ischemic stroke, history of intracranial hemorrhage and Charlson Comorbidity Index Score, the adjusted hazard ratio is 3.26 (95% Confidence interval, 2.69–3.94). Conclusions TBI is an independent significant risk factor of developing dementia even in the mild type.