Open AccessLeishmania naiffi and lainsoni in French Guiana: Clinical features and phylogenetic variability
Author(s) -
Océane Ducharme,
Stéphane Simon,
Marine Ginouvès,
Ghislaine Prévôt,
Pierre Couppié,
Magalie Demar,
Romain Blaizot
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
plos neglected tropical diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.99
H-Index - 135
eISSN - 1935-2735
pISSN - 1935-2727
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008380
Subject(s) - phylogenetic tree , leishmania braziliensis , cutaneous leishmaniasis , biology , leishmania , phylogenetics , epidemiology , cytochrome b , leishmaniasis , genetics , medicine , gene , parasite hosting , pathology , world wide web , computer science
In French Guiana, five species are associated with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Though infections with Leishmania guyanensis , L . (V . ) braziliensis and L . (L . ) amazonensis have been extensively described, there are few available clinical and genetic data on L . (V . ) lainsoni and L . (V . ) naiffi . We determined the clinical and epidemiological features of all cases of CL due to L . (V . ) naiffi and L . (V . ) lainsoni diagnosed in French Guiana between 2003 and 2019. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by sequencing a portion of HSP70 and cyt b genes. Five cases of L . naiffi and 25 cases of L . lainsoni were reported. Patients infected by L . (V . ) lainsoni were usually infected on gold camps, mostly along the Maroni river (60%), while L . naiffi was observed in French patients infected on the coast (100%). A high number of pediatric cases (n = 5; 20%) was observed for L . (V . ) lainsoni . A mild clinical course was observed for all cases of L . (V . ) naiffi . HSP70 and cyt b partial nucleotide sequence analysis revealed different geographical clusters within L . (V . ) naiffi and L . (V . ) lainsoni but no association were found between phylogenetic and clinical features. Our data suggest distinct socio-epidemiological features for these two Leishmania species. Patients seem to get infected with L . (V . ) naiffi during leisure activities in anthropized coastal areas, while L . (V . ) lainsoni shares common features with L . (V . ) guyanensis and braziliensis and seems to be acquired during professional activities in primary forest regions. Phylogenetic analysis has provided information on the intraspecific genetic variability of L . (V . ) naiffi and L . (V . ) lainsoni and how these genotypes are distributed at the geographic level.