Open AccessB-1 cell-mediated modulation of M1 macrophage profile ameliorates microbicidal functions and disrupt the evasion mechanisms of Encephalitozoon cuniculi
Author(s) -
Adriano Alves Pereira,
Anuska Marcelino Alvares-Saraiva,
Fabiana Toshie de Camargo Konno,
Diva Denelle Spadacci-Morena,
Elizabeth Pérez,
Mário Mariano,
Maria Anete Lallo
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
plos neglected tropical diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.99
H-Index - 135
eISSN - 1935-2735
pISSN - 1935-2727
DOI - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007674
Subject(s) - macrophage , microbiology and biotechnology , immune system , encephalitozoon cuniculi , phagocytosis , biology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , apoptosis , immunology , chemistry , spore , in vitro , biochemistry , microsporidia
Here, we have investigated the possible effect of B-1 cells on the activity of peritoneal macrophages in E . cuniculi infection. In the presence of B-1 cells, peritoneal macrophages had an M1 profile with showed increased phagocytic capacity and index, associated with the intense microbicidal activity and a higher percentage of apoptotic death. The absence of B-1 cells was associated with a predominance of the M2 macrophages, reduced phagocytic capacity and index and microbicidal activity, increased pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines production, and higher percentual of necrosis death. In addition, in the M2 macrophages, spore of phagocytic E . cuniculi with polar tubular extrusion was observed, which is an important mechanism of evasion of the immune response. The results showed the importance of B-1 cells in the modulation of macrophage function against E . cuniculi infection, increasing microbicidal activity, and reducing the fungal mechanisms involved in the evasion of the immune response.