Open AccessPolarization lidar measurements of honey bees in flight for locating land mines
Author(s) -
Joseph A. Shaw,
Nathan L. Seldomridge,
Dustin L. Dunkle,
Paul W. Nugent,
Lee H. Spangler,
Jerry J. Bromenshenk,
Colin B. Henderson,
James H. Churnside,
James J. Wilson
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/opex.13.005853
Subject(s) - lidar , remote sensing , honey bees , optics , polarization (electrochemistry) , backscatter (email) , environmental science , odor , physics , geology , biology , computer science , ecology , chemistry , telecommunications , neuroscience , wireless
A scanning polarized lidar was used to detect flying honey bees trained to locate buried land mines through odor detection. A lidar map of bee density shows good correlation with maps of chemical plume strength and bee density determined by visual and video counts. The co-polarized lidar backscatter signal was found to be more effective than the crosspolarized signal for detecting honey bees in flight. Laboratory measurements show that the depolarization ratio of scattered light is near zero for bee wings and up to 30% for bee bodies.