Open AccessHigh-entropy chaos generation using semiconductor lasers subject to intensity-modulated optical injection for certified physical random number generation
Author(s) -
Chin-Hao Tseng,
Ryo Funabashi,
Kazutaka Kanno,
Atsushi Uchida,
Chia-Chien Wei,
Sheng-Kwang Hwang
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
optics letters/optics index
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.524
H-Index - 272
eISSN - 1071-2763
pISSN - 0146-9592
DOI - 10.1364/ol.431054
Subject(s) - random number generation , semiconductor laser theory , chaotic , entropy (arrow of time) , laser , optics , optical chaos , physics , bandwidth (computing) , statistical physics , computer science , telecommunications , quantum mechanics , algorithm , artificial intelligence
This study investigates high-entropy chaos generation using a semiconductor laser subject to intensity-modulated optical injection for certified physical random number generation. Chaos with a continuous spectral profile that is not only widely distributed but also broadly flattened over a bandwidth of 33 GHz is generated. The former suggests that the chaos can be sampled at a high rate while keeping sufficient un-correlation between data samples, and the latter indicates that the chaos possesses high entropy, both of which enhance the generation rate of physical random numbers with guaranteed unpredictability. A minimum entropy value of 2.19 bits/sample is obtained without any post-processing and by excluding the contribution from measurement noise, suggesting that, to the least extent, the chaotic source can be used as a 2-bit physical random number generator at a rate of 160 Gbits/s.