Open AccessTransverse mode dynamics of VCSELs through space-time domain simulation
Author(s) -
Peter M. Goorjian,
CunZheng Ning
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.5.000055
Subject(s) - optics , semiconductor laser theory , physics , refractive index , dispersion (optics) , transverse mode , laser , nonlinear system , transverse plane , quantum mechanics , structural engineering , engineering
An approximation to the Maxwell-Semiconductor Bloch equations is used to model transverse mode dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The time-evolution of the spatial profiles of the laser field and carrier density is solved by a finite-difference algorithm. The algorithm is fairly general; it can handle devices of any shape, which are either gain or index guided or both. Also there is no a priori assumption about the type or number of modes. The physical modeling includes the nonlinear carrier dependence of the optical gain and refractive index and dispersion effects on the gain and the refractive index are also included.