Open AccessPAM4 rolling-shutter demodulation using a pixel-per-symbol labeling neural network for optical camera communications
Author(s) -
Yun Shen Lin,
ChiWai Chow,
Yang Liu,
Yun-Han Chang,
Kun-Wei Lin,
Yi Chang Wang,
Yi Yuan Chen
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.430625
Subject(s) - demodulation , rolling shutter , computer science , modulation (music) , pixel , pulse amplitude modulation , shutter , signal (programming language) , transmission (telecommunications) , artificial neural network , optics , artificial intelligence , detector , telecommunications , pulse (music) , physics , acoustics , channel (broadcasting) , programming language
The typical optical camera communication (OCC) modulation scheme is based on binary intensity modulation. To increase the transmission data rate, multi-level modulation format is highly desirable. In this work, we bring forward and demonstrate a rolling shutter 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) demodulation scheme for OCC systems using pixel-per-symbol labeling neural network (PPSL-NN) for the first time up to the authors' knowledge. A bit-rate distance product of 28.8 kbit/s • m per color is achieved. The proposed scheme is to calculate and re-sample the pixel-per-symbol (PPS) to make sure the same number of pixels in each PAM4 symbol is corresponding to a label for the neural network. Experiment results reveal that the proposed scheme can efficiently demodulate high speed PAM4 signal in the rolling shutter OCC pattern.