Experimental demonstration of a time-domain digital-coding metasurface for a Doppler cloak

By generating an artificial Doppler shift, a Doppler cloak can compensate for the Doppler shift from a moving object. An object covered by a Doppler cloak will be detected as a static object, even if it is actually moving. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate the Doppler cloak in a radar system using a time-domain digital-coding metasurface. We theoretically illustrate an active metasurface with a modulated reflection phase that can imitate the motion of moving, thereby generating an artificial Doppler shift for a Doppler cloak. Moreover, a reflective metasurface composed of voltage-controlled varactor diodes with a 3-bit reflection phase was designed and fabricated. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate that an artificial Doppler shift for a Doppler cloak is obtained from the proposed metasurface using a discrete time-varying bias voltage. Simulation and measurement results show that the proposed time-domain digital-coding metasurface can cancel the Doppler shift and serve as a Doppler cloak. The proposed metasurface may have potential applications in a Doppler radar illusion, Doppler cancellation in vehicle-to-vehicle communications, and wireless communications.