Open AccessSpectral-dependent electronic-photonic modeling of high-speed VCSEL-MMF links for optimized launch conditions
Author(s) -
Shanglin Li,
Mohammadreza Sanadgol Nezami,
Shubhankar Mishra,
Odile Liboiron-Ladouceur
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.411348
Subject(s) - vertical cavity surface emitting laser , multi mode optical fiber , optics , beam propagation method , bandwidth (computing) , photonics , materials science , modal dispersion , attenuation , transmission (telecommunications) , optoelectronics , optical fiber , physics , laser , dispersion shifted fiber , computer science , fiber optic sensor , refractive index , telecommunications
We present spectral-dependent electronic-photonic modeling of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-multimode fiber (MMF) links for next-generation high-speed interconnects. The beam coupling processes, between the VCSEL and the MMF and between the MMF and the photodetector (PD), are discussed, with spectral-dependent three-dimensional launch conditions analyzed. The model accounts for fiber effects on the transmission performance, specifically modal attenuation, dispersion, mode mixing, and mode partition noise. An advanced split-step small-segment (4-S) method simulates the signal evolution over the MMF with high accuracy and high efficiency. Experimental validation at 25 Gbps confirms the high accuracy of the VCSEL-MMF link model. The model reveals that larger radial offsets can further excite lower-order mode groups reducing the power distributed to higher-order groups when a tilted beam couples to the input fiber facet. With an optimized misalignment launch, the modal bandwidth is greatly improved by 3.8-fold compared to the conventional center launch. The model helps determine the optimum launch condition to improve link performance metrics such as transmission reach.