Open AccessEntropy evaluation of white chaos generated by optical heterodyne for certifying physical random number generators
Author(s) -
Keigo Yoshiya,
Yuta Terashima,
Kazutaka Kanno,
Atsushi Uchida
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.382234
Subject(s) - random number generation , white noise , chaotic , entropy (arrow of time) , optical chaos , physics , optics , nist , semiconductor laser theory , statistical physics , laser , mathematics , computer science , statistics , quantum mechanics , artificial intelligence , natural language processing
The entropy of white chaos is evaluated to certify physical random number generators. White chaos is generated from the electric subtraction of two optical heterodyne signals of two chaotic outputs in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback. We use the statistical test suites of NIST Special Publication 800-90B for the evaluation of physical entropy sources of white chaos with an eight-bit resolution. The minimum value of entropy is 2.1 for eight most significant bits data. The entropy of white chaos is enhanced from that of the chaotic output of the semiconductor lasers. We evaluate the effect of detection noise and distinguish between the entropy that originates from the white chaos and the detection noise. It is found that the entropy of five most significant bits originates from white chaos. The minimum value of entropy is 1.1 for five most significant bits data, and it is considered that the entropy can be obtained at at least one bit per sample.