Open AccessIn-phase, out-of-phase and T/4 synchronization of square waves in delay-coupled non-identical optoelectronic oscillators
Author(s) -
Jade Martínez-Llinàs,
Pere Colet
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.23.024785
Subject(s) - dephasing , phase (matter) , physics , square (algebra) , square wave , optics , synchronization (alternating current) , amplitude , instability , nanosecond , group delay and phase delay , topology (electrical circuits) , telecommunications , computer science , voltage , mathematics , quantum mechanics , laser , bandwidth (computing) , combinatorics , geometry
We model two non-identical delay-line optoelectronic oscillators mutually coupled through delayed cross-feedback. The system can generate multi-stable nanosecond periodic square-wave solutions which arise through a Hopf instability. We show that for suitable ratios between self and cross delay times, the two oscillators generate square waves with different amplitude but synchronized in phase, out of phase or with a dephasing of a quarter of the period. We also show that the synchronization is robust to small mismatches in the delay times.