Open AccessThree-dimensional coupled-wave analysis for square-lattice photonic crystal surface emitting lasers with transverse-electric polarization: finite-size effects
Author(s) -
Yong Liang,
Chao Peng,
Kyosuke Sakai,
Seita Iwahashi,
Susumu Noda
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.394
H-Index - 271
ISSN - 1094-4087
DOI - 10.1364/oe.20.015945
Subject(s) - optics , photonic crystal , polarization (electrochemistry) , electric field , transverse plane , square lattice , physics , transverse mode , beam divergence , laser , radial polarization , materials science , beam diameter , laser beam quality , condensed matter physics , laser beams , chemistry , structural engineering , quantum mechanics , ising model , engineering
We develop a coupled-wave model that is capable of treating finite-size square-lattice photonic crystal surface emitting lasers with transverse-electric polarization. Various properties of interest including threshold gain, mode frequency, field intensity envelope within the device, far-field pattern, as well as polarization and divergence angle of the output beam for the band-edge modes are calculated. Theoretical predictions of the lowest threshold mode and the output beam profile are in good agreement with our experimental findings. In particular, we show that, contrary to the infinite periodic case, the finite length of the device significantly affects surface emission and mode selection properties of the laser device.