Open AccessChemical basis for alteration of an intraocular lens using a femtosecond laser
Author(s) -
Josef F. Bille,
Johann Engelhardt,
Hans-Robert Volpp,
Abdelmoutalib Laghouissa,
Marcus Motzkus,
Zhongxiang Jiang,
Ruth Sahler
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
biomedical optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.362
H-Index - 86
ISSN - 2156-7085
DOI - 10.1364/boe.8.001390
Subject(s) - femtosecond , microscopy , refractive index , raman spectroscopy , laser , materials science , optics , raman scattering , microscope , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , optoelectronics , chromatography , physics
The chemical basis for the alteration of the refractive properties of an intraocular lens with a femtosecond laser was investigated. Three different microscope setups have been used for the study: Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) microscopy, Raman microscopy and coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy. Photo-induced hydrolysis of polymeric material in aqueous media produces two hydrophilic functional groups: acid group and alcohol group. The spectral signatures identify two of the hydrophilic polar molecules as N-phenyl-4-(phenylazo)-benzenamine (C 18 H 15 N 3 ) and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (C 13 H 8 N 2 O 2 ). The change in hydrophilicity results in a negative refractive index change in the laser-treated areas.