Open AccessToward nodal staging of axillary lymph node basins through intradermal administration of fluorescent imaging agents
Author(s) -
Funda MericBernstam,
John C. Rasmussen,
Savitri Krishnamurthy,
I-Chih Tan,
Banghe Zhu,
Jamie L. Wagner,
Gildy Babiera,
Elizabeth A. Mittendorf,
Eva M. SevickMuraca
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
biomedical optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.362
H-Index - 86
ISSN - 2156-7085
DOI - 10.1364/boe.5.000183
Subject(s) - medicine , indocyanine green , lymph , ex vivo , lymph node , lymphatic system , axillary lymph nodes , sentinel lymph node , pathology , axillary lymph node dissection , in vivo , radiology , breast cancer , cancer , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
As part of a proof-of-concept study for future delivery of targeted near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) tracers, we sought to assess the delivery of micrograms of indocyanine green to all the axillary lymph nodes following intraparenchymal breast injections and intradermal arm injections in 20 subjects with advanced breast carcinoma and undergoing complete axillary lymph node dissection. Lymphatic vessels and nodes were assessed in vivo. Ex vivo images demonstrated that 87% of excised lymph nodes, including 81% of tumor-positive lymph nodes, were fluorescent. Future clinical studies using microdose amounts of tumor-targeting NIRF contrast agents may demonstrate improved surgical intervention with reduced morbidity.