Open AccessSequential average segmented microscopy for high signal-to-noise ratio motion-artifact-free in vivo heart imaging
Author(s) -
Claudio Vinegoni,
Sungon Lee,
Paolo Fumene Feruglio,
Pasquina Marzola,
Matthias Nahrendorf,
Ralph Weissleder
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
biomedical optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.362
H-Index - 86
ISSN - 2156-7085
DOI - 10.1364/boe.4.002095
Subject(s) - magnetic resonance imaging , preclinical imaging , microscopy , artifact (error) , motion compensation , noise (video) , signal (programming language) , signal averaging , signal to noise ratio (imaging) , biomedical engineering , computer science , in vivo , computer vision , materials science , physics , optics , medicine , digital signal processing , signal transfer function , radiology , analog signal , microbiology and biotechnology , image (mathematics) , biology , programming language , computer hardware
In vivo imaging is often severely compromised by cardiovascular and respiratory motion. Highly successful motion compensation techniques have been developed for clinical imaging (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging) but the use of more advanced techniques for intravital microscopy is largely unexplored. Here, we implement a sequential cardiorespiratory gating scheme (SCG) for averaged microscopy. We show that SCG is very efficient in eliminating motion artifacts, is highly practical, enables high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in vivo imaging, and yields large field of views. The technique is particularly useful for high-speed data acquisition or for imaging scenarios where the fluorescence signal is not significantly above noise or background levels.