Open AccessModeling photoplethysmographic signals in camera-based perfusion measurements: optoelectronic skin phantom
Author(s) -
Michael Paul,
A. F. Mota,
Christoph Hoog Antink,
Vladimír Blažek,
Steffen Leonhardt
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
biomedical optics express
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.362
H-Index - 86
ISSN - 2156-7085
DOI - 10.1364/boe.10.004353
Subject(s) - photoplethysmogram , imaging phantom , computer science , signal (programming language) , repeatability , computer vision , artificial intelligence , biomedical engineering , optics , physics , medicine , chemistry , filter (signal processing) , chromatography , programming language
The remote acquisition of photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals via a video camera, also known as photoplethysmography imaging (PPGI), is not yet standardized. In general, PPGI is investigated with test persons in a laboratory setting. While these in-vivo tests have the advantage of generating real-life data, they suffer from the lack of repeatability and are comparatively effort-intensive because human subjects are required. Consequently, studying changes in signal morphology, for example, due to aging or pathological effects, is practically impossible. As a tool to study these effects, a hardware PPG simulator has been developed: this is a phantom which simulates and generates both 1D and locally resolved 2D optical PPG signals. Here, we demonstrate that it is possible to generate PPG-like signals with various signal morphologies by means of a purely optoelectronic setup, namely an LED array, and to analyze them by means of PPGI. Signals extracted via a camera show good agreement with simulated generated signals. In fact, the first phantom design is suitable to demonstrate this qualitatively.