Open AccessDetecting the presence of bacterial RNA by polymerase chain reaction in low volumes of preoperatively aspirated synovial fluid from prosthetic joint infections
Author(s) -
Bin Yang,
Xinyu Fang,
Yuanqing Cai,
Zhonghao Yu,
W. Li,
C. Zhang,
Zida Huang,
W. Zhang
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
bone and joint research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.639
H-Index - 31
ISSN - 2046-3758
DOI - 10.1302/2046-3758.95.bjr-2019-0127.r2
Subject(s) - medicine , synovial fluid , polymerase chain reaction , predictive value , ribosomal rna , microbiological culture , surgery , pathology , osteoarthritis , biology , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics , alternative medicine , gene
Aims Preoperative diagnosis is important for revision surgery after prosthetic joint infection (PJI). The purpose of our study was to determine whether reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), which is used to detect bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) preoperatively, can reveal PJI in low volumes of aspirated fluid.Methods We acquired joint fluid samples (JFSs) by preoperative aspiration from patients who were suspected of having a PJI and failed arthroplasty; patients with preoperative JFS volumes less than 5 ml were enrolled. RNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial culture were performed, and diagnostic efficiency was compared between the two methods.According to established Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, 21 of the 33 included patients were diagnosed with PJI.Results RNA-based PCR exhibited 57.1% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity, 69.7% accuracy, 92.3% positive predictive value, and 55.0% negative predictive value. The corresponding values for culture were 28.6%, 83.3%, 48.5%, 75.0%, and 40.0%, respectively. A significantly higher sensitivity was thus obtained with the PCR method versus the culture method.Conclusion In situations in which only a small JFS volume can be acquired, RNA-based PCR analysis increases the utility of preoperative puncture for patients who require revision surgery due to suspected PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(5):219–224.