Pulse oximetry to predict the onset of acute mountain sickness: a literature review

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a common illness affecting people ascending to high altitudes. AMS may progress rapidly, and can be fatal if symptoms are neglected, acclimatisation processes fail or if the ascent continues. For many patients with AMS or AMS symptoms, medical assistance is given by mountain rescue and allied health professionals. Currently, the prediction of AMS in the high-altitude environment relies upon recognising and tracking subjective symptoms. However, owing to psychophysical factors commonly associated with high-altitude travel, such as stress and fatigue, subjective symptom recall is innately at risk of bias. There is no objective method for predicting AMS. This scoping literature review analyses the accuracy of pulse oximetry as a tool for predicting the onset of AMS.