Formation of Attachment and Its Role as a Vital Need

In the article, the author proves the importance for the full development of the child, the formation of his identity and the establishment of ties between the child and the parents or persons who replace them. Ensuring communication, stable and lasting relationships between children and adults are considered. In the first six years of a child's life, attachment exists on several levels: feelings, imitation, belonging, feelings of importance to others, love, feelings that you are known. The types of attachment disorders, the relationship between the stages of development and the needs of the child are analyzed. Signs of attachment disorder in the child's behavior. Consequences of disorders and reactions in adulthood. Recommendations for establishing a positive relationship with the child and forming a stable attachment are formulated: unconditional acceptance of the child and his past; educational process without punishment and any violence; listen carefully to the problems, experiences and needs of the child; clearly formulated rules, the structure of the day – part of which is taken with the child; spend a lot of time with the child; clear and safe for the child the role of an adult – a mentor in his life; predictability of the environment and behavior of adults; to support all, even insignificant successes of the child; always help the child if she asks you to; discussing one’s emotions and safely expressing one’s feelings to adults; make remarks to the child in the form of impersonal ,,I-messages’’; assistance of specialists, mutual support groups, training; provide the opportunity to choose and strengthen the child’s sense of control and self-efficacy, involve the child in the decision-making process in his life, emphasize the child’s sense of ,,I can’’; do not forget to hug, kiss, hug the child.