Open AccessRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INSTALLATION FOR PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF POTATOES EXPOSURE TO ELECTROPHYSICAL FACTORS
Author(s) -
Александр Котин,
Александр Котин,
Г. В. Новикова,
Г. В. Новикова,
P. V. Zaitsev,
Petr Zaycev,
О. В. Михайлова,
Ol'ga Mihaylova
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
vestnik kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2073-0462
DOI - 10.12737/article_5cceddba27b897.07399726
Subject(s) - germination , sowing , horticulture , environmental science , materials science , pulp and paper industry , biology , engineering
The purpose of processing potato tubers before planting by the complex effect of electrophysical factors is disinfection from a number of pests, activating the cells of potato tubers to accelerate and increase their germination, with the exception of side effects on the physico-chemical composition of the grown potatoes. The installation contains a toroidal cavity, inside the torus there is a conveyor, an unloading stopper and moving fluoroplastic scrapers. In the condenser space are electro-discharge lamps, connected to sources of a kHz frequency and a rotating disk, with a distributor. On the surface of the torus mounted magnetrons. An induction heater is installed under the torus. The torus has windows for unloading potato tuber waste. The developed installation contains various sources of electromagnetic radiation: microwave generators, which provide endogenous heating of potato tubers and prevent diseases and pests; induction heater to kill beetles and other pests due to thermal burns; high-frequency (110 kHz) alternating pulsed current generators with high voltage and electro-gas-discharge lamps, which accelerate biochemical reactions, saturate tubers with oxygen, increase the elasticity of the tuber peel and its permeability. This whole complex of energy sources contributes to the activation of potato tuber cells, accelerating and improving germination. Using a single unit with a capacity of up to 300 kg/h, it is possible to carry out preplant processing of up to 20 tons of potato tubers no larger than 6 cm in size, with specific energy expenditures of up to 0.2 kW h/kg.