Open AccessOPTIMAL METHODS OF FORAGE CROPS OF CROPS ON THE CALCULATED BACKGROUND OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE SOIL-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA
Author(s) -
Радик Сафин,
Радик Сафин,
Марат Амиров,
Марат Амиров,
Салават Сулейманов,
Salavat Suleymanov,
Миннегали Гилязов,
Minnegali Gilyazov
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
vestnik kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2073-0462
DOI - 10.12737/article_5c3de38876cdb2.60224972
Subject(s) - hectare , sowing , forage , yield (engineering) , agronomy , sunflower , environmental science , mathematics , agroforestry , agriculture , geography , biology , archaeology , materials science , metallurgy
A powerful factor in increasing the yield of feed mixtures is the use of mineral fertilizers. On average, over 4 years of research, the yield of green mass increases from 13.8 tons per hectare at the control (without fertilizers) to 27.4 tons per hectare (almost 2 times). However, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers depends on how the sunflower and annual herbs are placed in space. Thus, on all backgrounds of mineral nutrition, the highest yield of green mass was obtained by sowing sunflower and annual herbs in separate strips with strip widths of 180 cm: N85P38K46 - 28.2 tons per hectare; N99P44K54 - 32.9 tons per hectare; N113P51K61 - 34.2 tons per hectare. In the same conditions, both narrowing the bands to 90 cm and expanding to 360 cm reduce the yield of the object of study. Mineral fertilizers also have a great influence on the gross yield of raw fat (an increase of 2.8 times), feed units - from 2,562 to 3,904, crude protein - 1.9 times, exchange energy - 2.4 times. As a result, the payback of each ruble of the cost of mineral fertilizers provides for the production of 1.5 rubles, and the bioenergy coefficient increases to 4.4, versus 2.2 for mixed sowing of sunflower and annual herbs.