Open AccessINFLUENCE OF NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND SURFACE IMPROVEMENT METHODS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF FLOODPLAIN MEADOWS OF MIDDLE VOLGA STEPPE REGION
Author(s) -
Хисматуллин,
Marsel Khismatullin,
Сафиоллин,
Фаик Сафиоллин,
Миннуллин,
Gennadiy Minnullin,
Марс Хисматуллин
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
vestnik kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2073-0462
DOI - 10.12737/article_592fc7edeb3a50.56849124
Subject(s) - floodplain , productivity , seeder , environmental science , perennial plant , agronomy , sowing , agroforestry , biology , ecology , economics , macroeconomics
Low-cost technologies to improve floodplain meadows, based on maximum use of renewable factors, combined with a moderate inclusion in the manufacturing process non-renewable sources of anthropogenic energy are relevant. The purpose of the study – development of technology of surface improvement of flood meadows in combination with optimization of the backgrounds of mineral nutrition. Studies conducted in the last 5 years in the Republic of Tatarstan in the Central part of the floodplain of the river IK. Production test results of research carried out in 2015-2016 in the area of 60 hectares. The studies were carried out with guns (factor a): BD-4 (disc header), the Communist party and 5.4 (universal cultivator-cultivator with pin harrows, and spring rollers). As control was carried out direct reseeding of perennial grasses in single-disc sod seeder Sz-3,6. The field experiment was conducted on 4 backgrounds of mineral nutrition (Factor B): control (without fertilizers), the estimated dose NPK of 25, 30 and 35 t/ha of green mass. The developed technology of surface improvement of flood plains of, increase the productivity of floodplain meadows in 1.5-2.0 times, due to the improvement of water-physical soil properties, enhance biological processes, increasing density of the sward (in 1,3-1,4 times in comparison with direct sowing of grass seeds in sod without tillage), improvement of participation of alfalfa (from 8-16 to 26-28%) and improving levels of nutrition herbs. Consumption of phosphorus is increasing 1.4-1.5%, potassium 1.5-1.7 times and calcium is 2.1-2.3 times due to both mineralization of organic matter in the sod, and application of mineral fertilizers on the planned yield of green mass of 25-30 t/ha. However, because of the high cost of major nutrients (20-25 thousand RUB./t) variant on the planned yield of biomass improved flood meadows 35 t/ha return on investment is drastically reduced.