Open AccessADAPTABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT FROM THE INSTITUTE OF PLANT INDUSTRY (VIR) COLLECTION IN THE CIS-MIDDLE URALS
Author(s) -
Irina Torbina,
Il'vira Fardeeva
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
vestnik kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2073-0462
DOI - 10.12737/2073-0462-2021-43-48
Subject(s) - loam , adaptability , powdery mildew , hardiness (plants) , agronomy , overwintering , biology , horticulture , cultivar , geography , botany , soil water , ecology
The purpose of the research is to identify sources of economically valuable properties for creating a genetic collection of winter wheat in the Cis-middle Urals. The material for research was 30 varieties of winter wheat from the VIR collection for adaptability. The study was carried out in 2016-2019 at the experimental field of the UdmFIC Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pervomaysky village, Zavyalovsky district of Udmurtia). The soil of the experimental site is well cultivated sod-podzolic medium loamy. According to method of L.A. Zhivotkova, Z.N. Morozova, L.I. Sekatueva (1994) 15 varieties were more adapted to local conditions. These varieties, on average for 3 years of research, formed higher yields (by 2-107 %) than the average for all varieties. The indicator of the level of stability of the variety (ILSV), calculated by the method of E.D. Nettevich (1985) identified only three of the most valuable varieties - Sarlota (ILSV 283 %), Venistar (ILSV 238 %) and Alauda (ILSV 124 %). Overwintering of varieties on average for 2017-2019 was 32 ... 68 %, for the standard-60 %. The best winter hardiness was obtained in the samples Sarlota (68 %) and Vanda (63 %). The sources of high grain content of the spike (33.6...50.8 pcs.) were identified – variety samples Markola, Sarlota, Veldana, Venistar. Large grain (mass of 1000 grains 42.6...52.3 g) formed varieties Charodijka Bilotserkivsʹka, Gonoveva, Stanislava, Sarlota, Vanda. Warm and humid weather in the summer of 2019 led to the massive development of powdery mildew. The varieties Charodijka BilotserkivskaKa, KhmelnNychanka, Zluka, Komertsijna, Markola, Gonoveva were highly stable (7...9 points) for this disease. The increased air temperature and the presence of a drip liquid were the reasons for the intensive development of brown rust in 2017. High stability (7...9 points) this year the varieties Gordovyta, Lasurna, Zluka, Gonoveva, Sarlota, Veldana and Venistar showed signs of illness