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Timing the origin and past connections between Andean and Atlantic Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests in South America: Insights from the biogeographical history of Amorimia (Malpighiaceae)
Author(s) -
Felipe de Almeida Rafael,
Marcio Araújo Amorim André,
van den Berg Cássio
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
taxon
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.819
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1996-8175
pISSN - 0040-0262
DOI - 10.12705/674.4
Subject(s) - tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests , ndhf , tropical atlantic , subgenus , ecology , geography , genus , biology , phylogenetic tree , paleontology , clade , sea surface temperature , meteorology , biochemistry , gene
We investigated the timing of origin and past connections between Andean and Atlantic Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests in South America based on the biogeographical history of Amorimia , a genus of Malpighiaceae restricted to South America. We used a time–calibrated phylogenetic tree based on three cpDNA ( ndhF, rpl16, trnQ–rps16 ) and two nrDNA (ETS, ITS) regions including all currently accepted species in Amorimia for ancestral area reconstructions. Our results show that: (1) the ancestor of Amorimia originated in Atlantic dry forests around 22 Ma; (2) ancestors of both Amorimia subgenera arose in southern Brazilian dry forests from 18 to 14 Ma; (3) the remaining lineages in the genera diversified from mid–Miocene to the late–Pliocene; and (4) a history of two expansion events during early and middle Miocene, besides several colonization events in different nuclei of dry forests in South America is suggested.