Experimental Study on Bed Load Transport of Shell Fragment-Mixed Sand under Waves

Beneficial use of shell for constitutive materials of beach or tidal flat is proposed instead of its disposal. Since the shape of shell fragment is oblate, the knowledge on littoral drift of sand with spherical shape could not be applied directly for understanding of its behavior under waves. In this study, critical shields number and settling velocity of shell fragment are evaluated changing oblate shapes of the fragments, and the characteristics of bed load transport of shell and shell-mixed sand beds are examined by a movable-bed experiment. From the experiments, the effects of oblateness on the increase of resistance to wave and current are elucidated. It is found that the interaction of sand and shell on their movements has an effect on the bed-load rate changing the height of sand ripples