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Dynamic relationship between noseleaf and pinnae in echolocating hipposiderid bats
Author(s) -
Shuxin Zhang,
Yanming Liu,
Joanne Tang,
Luoxiao Ying,
Rolf Müller
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of experimental biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.367
H-Index - 185
eISSN - 1477-9145
pISSN - 0022-0949
DOI - 10.1242/jeb.210252
Subject(s) - closing (real estate) , pinna , acoustics , kinematics , geology , human echolocation , motion (physics) , sonar , computer science , physics , biology , anatomy , artificial intelligence , classical mechanics , political science , law
Old World leaf-nosed bats (family Hipposideridae) can deform the shapes of their “noseleaves” (i.e., ultrasonic emission baffles) and outer ears during echolocation behaviors. Prior work has shown that deformations on the emission as well as on the reception side can have an impact on the properties of the emitted/received sonar signals. The occurrence of the deformations on the emission and reception side raises the question if the bats coordinate these two dynamic biosonar features to achieve synergistic effects. To address this question, simultaneous three-dimensional reconstructions of the trajectories of landmarks on the dynamic noseleaf and pinna geometries have been obtained in great roundleaf bats (Hipposideros pratti). These joint kinematics data on the noseleaf and pinnae have shown both qualitative and quantitative relationships between the noseleaf and pinna motions: Large noseleaf deformations (opening or closing) tended to be associated with non-rigid pinna motions. Furthermore, closing deformations of the noseleaves tended to co-occur with closing motions of the pinna. Finally, a canonical correlation analysis of the motion trajectories has revealed a tight correlation between the motions of the landmarks on the noseleaf and both pinnae. These results demonstrate that the biosonar system of hipposiderid bats includes coordinated emission and reception dynamics.

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