Open AccessDiet regulates membrane extension and survival of niche escort cells for germline homeostasis via insulin signaling
Author(s) -
YuHan Su,
Elham Rastegri,
Shih-Han Kao,
Chun-Min Lai,
Kun-Yang Lin,
Hung-Yu Liao,
Mu-Hsiang Wang,
Hwei-Jan Hsu
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.754
H-Index - 325
eISSN - 1477-9129
pISSN - 0950-1991
DOI - 10.1242/dev.159186
Subject(s) - biology , microbiology and biotechnology , germline , stem cell , signal transduction , cytoskeleton , somatic cell , homeostasis , insulin receptor , insulin , ribosomal protein s6 , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , p70 s6 kinase 1 , cell , genetics , endocrinology , insulin resistance , gene
Diet is an important regulator of stem cell homeostasis, however, the underlying mechanisms of this regulation are not fully known. Here, we report that insulin signaling mediates dietary maintenance of Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells (GSCs) by promoting the extension of niche escort cell (EC) membranes to wrap around GSCs. This wrapping may facilitate the delivery of BMP stemness factors from ECs in the niche to GSCs. In addition to the effects on GSCs, insulin signaling-mediated regulation of EC number and protrusions controls the division and growth of GSC progeny. The effects of insulin signaling on EC membrane extension are, at least in part, driven by enhanced translation of Failed axon connections (Fax) via Ribosomal protein S6 kinase. Fax is a membrane protein that may participate in Abl-regulated cytoskeletal dynamics and is known to be involved in axon bundle formation. Therefore, we conclude that dietary cues stimulate insulin signaling in the niche to regulate EC cellular structure, probably via Fax-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling. This mechanism enhances intercellular contact and facilitates homeostatic interactions between somatic and germline cells in response to diet.