Open AccessIntravascular Flow Patterns in Transforaminal Epidural Injections: A Comparative Study of the Cervical and Lumbar Vertebral Segments
Author(s) -
Do Wan Kim,
Kichang Han,
Chan Kim,
Yun Jeong Chae
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
anesthesia and analgesia/anesthesia and analgesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.404
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1526-7598
pISSN - 0003-2999
DOI - 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181a826db
Subject(s) - medicine , lumbar , fluoroscopy , radicular pain , complication , saline , anesthesia , surgery , contrast medium , incidence (geometry) , radiology , physics , optics
Transforaminal epidural injection (TEI) is commonly used in the treatment of radicular pain. However, there have been many published cases of serious complications after a TEI, occurring most often in cervical levels. One of the presumptive reasons for this complication is inadvertent intravascular injection. We sought to identify the incidence of intravascular injections in cervical and lumbar spinal segments during TEI.