Open AccessClinical Use of the Pictorial Baxter Retching Faces Scale for the Measurement of Postoperative Nausea in Children
Author(s) -
Mehernoor F. Watcha,
Andrew D. Lee,
Eduardo Medellin,
M Toni Felberg,
Sudha A. Bidani
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
anesthesia and analgesia/anesthesia and analgesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.404
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1526-7598
pISSN - 0003-2999
DOI - 10.1213/ane.0000000000003850
Subject(s) - retching , nausea , intraclass correlation , vomiting , postoperative nausea and vomiting , confidence interval , medicine , anesthesia , psychometrics , clinical psychology
Because nausea is difficult to evaluate in children, vomiting is used as the objective clinical end point in managing pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting and postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV). The recently developed pictorial Baxter Retching Faces (BARF) scale has content, construct, and convergent validity in quantifying pediatric nausea intensity. We determined its clinical usefulness in assessing pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting and PDNV, establishing the lowest age associated with consistently reliable use, the score at which patients identify a need for therapy, and the minimum clinically relevant change in scores, and examined its test-retest reliability.