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The Role of Toll‐Like Receptors 3 and 9 in the Development of Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice
Author(s) -
Wong F. Susan,
Hu Changyun,
Zhang Li,
Du Wei,
Alexopoulou Lena,
Flavell Richard A.,
Wen Li
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1447.039
Subject(s) - tlr3 , tlr9 , immunology , autoimmunity , receptor , innate immune system , nod , immunity , autoimmune disease , nod mice , diabetes mellitus , biology , type 1 diabetes , acquired immune system , toll like receptor , immune system , endocrinology , antibody , gene , gene expression , genetics , dna methylation
Innate immunity is mediated, at least in part, through a number of receptors known as Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), which are activated by different microbial stimuli. Adaptive immunity, including autoimmunity, follows the innate response in a more specific manner. To investigate the roles of TLR3 and TLR9 in the development of type 1 diabetes, we generated NOD mice that are deficient in TLR3 and 9, respectively. There was no obvious difference in the incidence of spontaneous diabetes between TLR3‐deficient mice and TLR3 heterozygous mice. However, TLR9‐deficient mice were markedly protected from the disease compared to TLR9 heterozygous mice. Our results suggest that different TLRs play a varying role in autoimmune diseases.