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Apoptotic Non–β Cells Suppress β Cell Antigen–Reactive T Cells and Induce β Cell Antigen–Specific Regulatory T Cells
Author(s) -
Xia ChangQing,
Qiu Yushi,
Peng Ruihua,
LoDauer Jeannette,
ClareSalzler Michael J.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1447.038
Subject(s) - antigen , microbiology and biotechnology , antigen presenting cell , cytotoxic t cell , cell , apoptosis , chemistry , t cell , biology , immunology , immune system , in vitro , biochemistry
Steady‐state cell apoptosis plays an important role in maintenance of self‐tolerance. Based on this notion, the use of apoptotic cells to restore self‐tolerance to β cell antigens is a rational approach to type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevention. Our previous study demonstrated that transfusion of apoptotic β cells induced immune tolerance to β cell antigens in NOD mice. However, concerned about the limited β cell source for future clinical applications, we attempted in the present study to develop a more practical approach for T1D prevention using apoptotic non–β cells. We found that UVB‐irradiation‐induced apoptotic NOD splenic stromal cells significantly suppressed β cell antigen‐specific T cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, TCR‐transgenic CD4 + T cells primed by the antigens to which they were specific in the presence of UVB‐irradiated stromal cells were rendered unresponsive to the antigen restimulation, a result that was partially attributed to the induced IL‐10‐producing regulatory T cells. Of more interest, transfusion of UVB‐irradiated stromal cells appeared to induce β cell antigen–responding IL‐10‐producing regulatory T cells in vivo . Most importantly, transfusion of UVB‐irradiated stromal cells effectively prevented T1D in NOD mice, which is consistent with these findings. This study suggests that it is possible to use apoptotic non–β cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells to induce β cell antigen–specific tolerance, thereby preventing T1D in humans.