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Lipocalin‐2, TWEAK, and Other Cytokines as Urinary Biomarkers for Lupus Nephritis
Author(s) -
SCHWARTZ NOA,
MICHAELSON JENNIFER S.,
PUTTERMAN CHAIM
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1398.032
Subject(s) - lupus nephritis , lipocalin , urinary system , medicine , biomarker , immunology , cytokine , nephritis , systemic lupus erythematosus , biology , disease , biochemistry
: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As the course of LN is often unpredictable, it is important to identify reliable, noninvasive methods to repeatedly assess the condition of the kidneys in these patients. Urinary biomarkers are easily obtained and probably are best at reflecting the current renal status, as they specifically represent local inflammatory activity. In this article, we review a number of potential urinary biomarkers, including Lipocalin‐2, MCP‐1, IP‐10, IL‐6, and IL‐8. Additionally, we provide evidence for the possible utility of the novel cytokine TWEAK as a urinary biomarker for LN.