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HLA Class I Epitope Discovery in Type 1 Diabetes
Author(s) -
PINKSE GABRIELLE G.M.,
BOITARD CHRISTIAN,
TREE TIMOTHY I.M.,
PEAKMAN MARK,
ROEP BART O.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1375.003
Subject(s) - elispot , epitope , immunology , human leukocyte antigen , cd8 , type 1 diabetes , insulitis , islet , biology , t cell , immune system , autoimmunity , antigen , medicine , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology
Abstract: Islet autoreactive CD8 T cells are plausible candidates for direct beta cell toxicity in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). In 2005, cellular studies in the pathogenesis of this disease have reached a new milestone. Autoreactive CD8 T cells have been defined and several target islet epitopes of these have been discovered and validated simultaneously in three independent studies. The insulin B10–B18 peptide that displays exceptional binding affinity for HLA‐A2 has been reported in all three studies, and its recognition shows an association with autoimmune beta cell destruction and T1DM. These studies imply that CD8 T cell‐based HLA tetramers and ELISPOT analyses can be useful to monitor T1DM as well as islet transplantation, and may provide useful tools to assess immunological efficacy of immune intervention trials.