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Alpha 2‐Adrenergic Receptors Decrease DNA Replication and Cell Proliferation and Induce Neurite Outgrowth in Transfected Rat Pheochromocytoma Cells
Author(s) -
KARKOULIAS G.,
MASTROGIANNI O.,
ILIAS I.,
LYMPEROPOULOS A.,
TARAVIRAS S.,
TSOPANOGLOU N.,
SITARAS N.,
FLORDELLIS C.S.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1366.017
Subject(s) - neurogenesis , subgranular zone , dentate gyrus , neuroscience , neurotrophic factors , neurotrophin , hippocampus , olfactory bulb , biology , hippocampal formation , microbiology and biotechnology , chronic stress , receptor , neural stem cell , endocrinology , medicine , stem cell , central nervous system , subventricular zone
Alpha 2‐adrenergic receptors (α 2 ‐ARs) have a widespread distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and affect a number of biochemical and behavioral functions, including stimulation of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cognitive function. In addition to its role as a classical neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE) has been recently shown to exert an important influence on the plasticity in areas of the brain where neurogenesis persists in the adult, notably the subgranular zone (SGZ) within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb (OB). In regulating adult neurogenesis, the noradrenergic system is functionally integrated with chronic stress and depression. Chronic stress, depression, or depletion of NEin vivosuppress, and antidepressant treatments induce hippocampal neurogenesis by down‐ or upregulating, respectively, cell proliferation. In the present study we show that α 2 ‐AR subtypes promote the differentiation rather than cell proliferation of PC12 cells. It is conceivable that α 2 ‐ARs might contribute neurotrophic actionsin vivosynergistically or in permutation with other neurotrophic factors.